HERALDRY | Anglo-American Royal Arms–Vivez les Différences!

Arms of Meghan Markley, now
Duchess of Sussex.

June 4, 2018–The latest recorded initiation of a royal coat of arms was a gift to Meghan Markley of California upon her accession to the title of Duchess of Sussex, after her marriage to Prince Harry.

The Duchess of Sussex Arms

The blue (azure) background of the sinister side of the dimidiated shield represents the Pacific Ocean, which bounds the Californian coast.

The two golden (or) rays across the shield symbolize the sunshine of The Duchess’s home state that she has sacrificed, in exchange for the chance to spend time in Windsor Castle and other royal residences.

The three quills represent communication, which the Duchess of Sussex is good at (she was an actress). Beneath the shield on the grass are flowers, including golden poppies, California’s state flower. The sinister supporter is a songbird with open mouth, indicating again the beauty and power of words.

Arms of Geoffrey of Anjou.

The First International Royal Arms

The earliest recorded initiation of a royal coat of arms was on June 10, 1128, when Geoffrey Plantagenet was presented by his father-in-law, King Henry I of England in Rouen, France with a blue shield bearing six gold (or) lions rampant (see shield at left).

The occasion was of international significance. Geoffrey was French. He was knighted by King Henry I, the English father of his bride Matilda. Their son became Henry II of England.

Matilda was the daughter of Edith of Scotland and the widow of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. Thus three royal lines were united with England – Scotland, France and the Holy Roman Empire.

This is the oldest record of an initiation of international royal arms, although coats of arms are recorded in the Bayeux tapestry after the invasion of William I of England, and royal arms are attributed posthumously to Edward the Confessor (a blue field with golden martlets around a golden cross).

Geoffrey of Anjou is considered the first person known to have been given arms in an armigerous royal family. For this reason, June 10 is registered on the International Day Calendar by Kathy McClurg as International Heraldry Day. She is a member of the IAAH, the International Association of Amateur Heralds.

The French Royal Succession

My friend Paul Walton has just sent me a family tree of the French Capet-Valois-Bourbon royal succession (Anjou became a cadet branch.) The tree shows how difficult it can get to differentiate royals when they have a big family. Some of the differences are discretely ingenious, some seem to obliterate the shield. The Duchess of Sussex has a more meaningfully designed coat of arms.

Heraldic Differencing of the French Royal Family in the 18th and 19th centuries.

BIRTH: Mar. 2–Dr. Seuss (Lincoln, Oxford)

This date in 1904 was born the man who may be the best-selling children's-book writer of all time, Oxonian Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss.  It is also National Read Across America Day, sponsored by the National Education Association.

Born in Springfield, Mass., Dr. Seuss helped revolutionize the way children learned to read He wrote more than 60 children's books.

His best-known books are And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street (1937), - How the Grinch Stole Christmas (1957), - The Cat in the Hat (1957), about which more below. - Yertle the Turtle (1958), - One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish (1960), - Green Eggs and Ham (1960), - Hop on Pop (1963), - The Lorax (1971), - Oh, the Thinks You Can Think! (1975), - The Butter Battle Book (1984).

Dr. Seuss was the grandson of German immigrants, a lifelong Lutheran. His six-foot mother was a competitive high diver who read to him daily at bedtime. His father inherited a brewery from his own German immigrant father a month before America's Prohibition era began, and eventually became a zookeeper who took young Theodor with him to work and let young Dr. Seuss run around in the cages with baby lions and baby tigers.

At Dartmouth, he majored in English and wrote for the campus humor magazine, rising to editor-in-chief. But after being caught drinking gin with friends, he was required by the Dartmouth administration to resign from all of his extracurricular activities.  From then on, he wrote secretly, over his mother's maiden name, Seuss. His mother's family pronounced it "Soise", but Americans pronounced it Soose. He decided to go with the Soose – it rhymed with Mother Goose.

After Dartmouth, he went on to Lincoln College, Oxford to study for a doctorate in English but at Oxford he met someone who told him he was wasting his time with literature when he was such a talented artist. So he left without finishing his degree. (Bill Clinton also left without taking his examinations for his degree, so Clinton was in good company.)

In 1937, he published his first children's book, And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street.

The favorite meters he uses in his poetry were:

• Rhyming anapestic tetrameter. The Mulberry Street rhythm, which he said was inspired by the turning screws of an ocean steamship, is four bars of two weak beats followed by a stressed syllable, i.e.,  da da DUM da da DUM da da DUM da da DUM, as in "And todáy the Great Yértle, that Márvelous hé / Is Kíng of the Múd. That is áll he can sée."  
• Rhyming amphibrachic tetrameter, which is also four bars but begins and ends with an unstressed syllable, as in the title If Í Ran the Círcus. 

Dr. Seuss's poetry sounds breathless, but he took a long time composing it. He once said: "Writing for children is murder. Every word has to count." The Boston Globe has compared Dr. Seuss's Lorax character, who wants to stop the axing down of forests, to the spirit of Henry David Thoreau and Walden.

A book by Rudolf Flesch in the 1950s called Why Johnny Can't Read argued that the Dick and Jane primers being used to teach reading in America were boring and ineffective – I found them not terribly meaningful when I was first introduced to them by my grandmother in 1947-48. Why did Jane ask Spot to run? What kind of plot is that?

William Spaulding, from Houghton Mifflin, thought that maybe Dr. Seuss might be able to write a more grabby book that would make it easier to teach from.  He asked Dr. Seuss for "a story that first-graders can't put down!" Garrison Keillor describes what happened in The Writer's Almanac:

In 1955, Seuss was given a list of 300 words most first-graders know. He had to write the book using only those words. [... T]wo words jumped out at him: "cat" and "hat." Seuss spent the next nine months writing The Cat in the Hat (1957), [which] is 1,702 words long and uses only 220 different words. [W]ithin the first year of its publication it was selling 12,000 copies a month. [Within five years, it had sold a million copies.] Seuss's publisher then bet him $50 he could not write a book using only 50 different words. Seuss won again with Green Eggs and Ham (1960), which uses exactly 50 different words, only one [with] more than one syllable: "anywhere."

Seuss died in the seaside resort community of La Jolla, San Diego, Calif. on September 26, 1991 (New York Times obit).

Other Oxford obits.

More March Birthdays. For more write-ups of authors for kids, visit the children's literature wiki.